Daruchini or True cinnamon tree, Cinnamomum verum

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Daruchini or True cinnamon tree (Cinnamomum verum, family: Lauraceae) is a medium-sized evergreen tree with profuge foliage. The tree is bushy in nature. Bark is grey and rough. It is famous for its spectacular brilliant red leaves. Strongly scented bark is used as spice. 


It is cultivated widely in China, Java and Sumatra. It is found in Hill Tracts in Bangladesh as a commercial pllant. As an ornamental plant, it is also found in parks, gardens and botanical gardens in the country. It is originated from Sri Lanka.


Aromatic leaves are green, glabrous, slightly hard and thin with three strong parallel nerves; ovate-lanceolate, opposite or almost opposite. Young leaves are very beautiful and these are gorgeous red in color.


Flowers are very small, pale brown, borne on compound umbel. Flowering occurs at the end of winter.


Fruit is Ovoid-oblong, 1.5-2 cm long, slightly fleshy, deep purple when ripen. The tree is propagated by seeds and cuttings. 

Bark is used in fever, skin diseases, tooth and bronchial problems. It removes odour from mouth.

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Shachi or Sessile joyweed, Alternanthera sessilis

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Shachi or Sessile joyweed ( Alternanthera sessilis , family: Amaranthaceae) is a creeping sub-aquatic herb with many branches, attaining a height of 10-35 cm. The branches are formed in pairs from the nodes of the stems. Sometimes it lies on the ground by forming roots from the stem axil.  Other names:  Chanchi, Phul heicha, Haiccha, Shati shak.  Stem is glabrous and usally green but sometimes reddish. Young shoots are minutely hairy. The plant grows near water bodies, in fallow lands, on roadside, even on old wall. It is found everwhere in Bangladesh. It is also found in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Leaves are green, sessile, elliptic-oblanceolate, opposite, 5-6 cm long and 2.5-3.5 cm wide, undulated and dented irregularly, tip rounded.  The inflorescence, round in shape and white in color arises from the leaf axil. These are much like Maloncho (Alligator weed) . Florets are sessile, petals 5. It blooms almost round the year. F
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Makal or Mahakal, Trichosanthes tricuspidata

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Makal or Mahakal ( Trichosanthes tricuspidata , family: Cucurbitaceae) is a woody climber with tendril and branches, attaining a height of 10-12 m. The multiangular-branched plant climbs up very far by holding any tree in the forest. It is found in the hilly areas as well as plain forests and village thickets in Bangladesh. It is also found in Indian subcontinent, Australia and some countries of South and Southeast Asia.  According to ancient Sanskrit scriptures the other names of the plant are Bishala, Mohendro-baruni.  In the Himalayas it has been seen at an altitude of 5000 feet. There are many refferences to the fruit in Bangla and Sanskrit literature. Someone is very nice to look at but he/she is useless--writers usually jokingly give examples of this fruit. Its roots and attractive fruits are packed with medicinal properties.  The size and shape of leaves may vary. These are multilobed or trilobed, alternate, rough in both sides, 5-12 cm long, petioled, cor
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Tomal or Mountain persimmon, Diospyros cordifolia

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Tomal  or  Mountain persimmon  ( Diospyros cordifolia,  family: Ebenaceae) is a deciduous small to medium-sized tree with spreading branches and blackish bark, sometimes thorny. This beautiful tree is native to Malaysia, Myanmar, Australia and is introduced to Bangladesh and other subcontinent countries. Not yellow, but black is the ripe fruit! Leaves are simple green, glabrous, petioled, alternate, lanceolate-cordate 5-10 cm long and 2-4 cm wide.  Flowers are small, whitish, with 4 petals. January-February is the flowering time. Male and female flowers usually grow singly from leaf axil while the male ones bloom in cluster on cyme inflorescence.  Poisonous fruit is berry, round,  fleshy  2.5 cm across. Half-matured fruits are ye llow and they turn purplish black when fully ripe. Propagation of the plant is caused by seeds. As a medicinal plant diospyros cordifolia is used in the treatment of fever, pneumonia and diarrhoea. Stout thorns
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